Article reproduced by kind permission of Stanley Coren, PhD, DSc, FRSC See more at Stanley’s blog ‘Canine Corner’.
Part 2
Gosling’s recent study seems to confirm the (1)___________ of some research that I did for my book “Why We Love The Dogs We Do.” I used a different personality measure, namely the Interpersonal Adjective Scale, because I was (2)___________ interested in items reflecting social interactions and social tendencies. It gives scores on four scales, extroversion, dominance, trust and (3)___________ (which is close to agreeableness on Gosling’s measure).
My study involved 6,149 people, aged 16 to 94. I attempted to get as many dog owners as I could, so this (4)___________ included 3,362 dog owners, but also, 1,223 people who only owned cats and 1,564 people that owned neither a cat nor a dog.
My results showed that people who owned only cats seemed to be (5)___________ different than dog owners or people who owned both dogs and cats in terms of their personalities. People who own both dogs and cats seem to be much like people who own only dogs. You should keep this in mind, since from here on, at least for the (6)___________ of this discussion, when I mention a cat owner I mean someone who lives only with a cat, while when I mention dog owners I will mean a person who owns a dog or both a dog and a cat.
According to my data, cat owners were one third more likely to live alone than dog owners and twice as likely to live in an apartment or flat. Being married, living in a house, and having children living in the home, are all (7)___________ that are more likely for dog owners than cat owners. A single woman was the most likely individual to have a cat. Of the people who grew up in a house with cats as pets, 47 percent were likely to have cats today, while only 11 percent of people whose (8)___________ years were spent in a house with a dog have only a cat as a pet.
Turning to the personality profile of the person who owns only cats, we find a reasonable (9)___________ with Gosling’s recent findings. To begin with we find we find that people who own only cats tend to be relatively introverted (low on extroversion) and also reasonably cool (low in warmth or agreeableness) which is the (10)___________ confirmed by the more recent data.
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Part 3
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Looking at the other two measures we find that cat owners are (relatively) low in dominance. relative People who are high on dominance are generally described as being forceful,assertive, (persistent), self-assured and self-confident. persist They are the people who stand out in social (gatherings) as opposed to people who are low in dominance gather that come across as being more timid, bashful, shy and (unaggressive). agression The final dimension that I looked at was trust, and cat owners appear to be (fairly) trusting. fair People high on this dimension are often described as (obliging), modest, straightforward and “good sports.” oblige People low on this dimension can be more suspicious and (manipulative). manipulate
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The general pattern that comes (out) of both studies is that dog owners are more social, interactive and accepting and cat owners ( (who) own cats exclusively) are more introverted, self-contained and (less) sociable.
Perhaps one of the (most) telling differences between dog and cat owners is illustrated in a single comparison. I asked people who own only cats “If you (had) adequate living space and there were (no) objections from (other) people in your life, and someone gave you a puppy (as) a gift, would you keep it?” The answer to this was compared to what I got (when) I asked people who own only dogs the (same) question about a kitten. More than two thirds of the cat owners (68 percent) said that they would not (accept) a dog as a pet, while (almost) the same number of dog owners (70 percent) said that they would admit the cat (into) their household. This suggests that most people who own only a dog are potentially dog and cat owners, (while) most people who own only a cat are exclusively cat owners.
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The general pattern that comes (out) of both studies is that dog owners are more social, interactive and accepting and cat owners ( (who) own cats exclusively) are more introverted, self-contained and (less) sociable.
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Vocabulary: Dog Idioms